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Ayurveda (Devan?gar?: the 'science of life') is a system of traditional medicine native to Indiaand practiced in other parts of the world as a form of alternative medicine.[ In Sanskrit, the word Ayurveda comprises the words ?yus, meaning 'life' and veda, meaning 'science'Evolving throughout its history, Ayurveda remains an influential system of medicine in South Asia The earliest literature of Ayurveda appeared during the Vedic period in India.[The Sushruta Samhita and the Charaka Samhita were influential works on traditional medicine during this era Ayurvedic practitioners also identified a number of medicinal preparations and surgical procedures for curing various ailments and diseases.
Ayurveda is considered to be a form of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) within the western world, where several of its methods—such as herbs, massage, and Yoga as exercise or alternative medicine—are applied on their own as a form of CAM treatment
Ayurveda believes in 'five great elements' (Devan?gar?: earth, water, fire, air and space) forming the universe, including the human body.Chyle, Blood, flesh, fat, bone, marrow, and semen are believed to be the seven primary constituent elements (Devan?gar?: ) of the body. Ayurveda stresses a balance of three substances: wind/spirit/air, phlegm, and bile, each representing divine forces. According to Ayurvedic beliefs, the doctrine of these three Doshas (Devan?gar?: ????????)—vata (wind/spirit/air), pitta (bile) and kapha (phlegm)—is important. Traditional beliefs hold that humans possess a unique constellation of Doshas.In Ayurveda, the human body has 20 Guna (Devan?gar?: , meaning quality). Surgery and surgical instruments are employed. It is believed that building a healthy metabolic system, attaining good digestion, and proper excretion leads to vitality.Ayurveda also focuses on exercise, yoga, meditation, and massage.
The concept of Panchakarma (Devan?gar?:) is believed to eliminate toxic elements from the body. Eight disciplines of Ayurveda treatment, called Ashtanga (Devan?gar?: ???????), are given below:Surgery (Shalya-chikitsa).
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